Teachers Online Finance Teachers Education video resources, lesson plans, inspiration and ideas to use in classroom. Professional development Business Internet and Businesses Online Finance

Published: March 26, 2010March 2010
cloud large

Scitation’s impressive new design includes new features, such as Recently Published Research – updated hourly with the most recent articles published on Scitation, and an Interactive Cloud Explorer, which at a glance allows a user to see the most popular subjects and authors hosted on Scitation. Stay tuned in the coming months as the look and features of Scitation continue to evolve.

AIP wins 2010 MarkLogic Innovation Award

AIP was recognized at the MarkLogic User Conference for demonstrating outstanding leadership in their use of MarkLogic Server to build the next-generation of information applications.
cloud large
Scitation has a New Look!

Explore Scitation's new recently launched design.
AIP Logo
AIP Journals Launched on Scitation C3

AIP launched its 12 archival journals on the new innovative Scitation C3 platform.
NACE logo
Scitation Launches NACE International's CORROSION Journal on the C3 Platform

Scitation launches its new C3 platform with a new publishing partner, NACE International. NACE's publication, CORROSION, is the first publication to benefit from a major series of upgrades to the core functionality of the Scitation hosting platform.
Seg Ebooks
SEG eBooks BETA

SEG eBooks beta (http://segdl.org/ebooks) was launched in early February within the SEG Digital Library, where the books will share an interface, search engines, and linking with the journals and meeting abstracts.
Siam Financial Math
SIAM launches the SIAM Journal on Financial Mathematics on Scitation

The Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) is pleased to announce the addition of the SIAM Journal on Financial Mathematics to the SIAM Digital Library on the Scitation platform.
ASCE Pipeline Systems
ASCE adds a new journal to the ASCE Research Library

The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) is pleased to announce the addition of the Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice to the ASCE Research Library on the Scitation platform.
GeoMapper Logo
C3 launches GeoMapper BETA

AIP has recently launched two new geospatial features as part of the C3 beta release of the AIP journals. Geospatial visualization is used to show where research articles are being produced in the context of the global community.
AIP UniPhy Screenshot
AIP UniPHY unveils sleek new graphical interface and enhanced functionality

The American Institute of Physics (AIP) today announced the launch of Release 2 of the AIP UniPHY professional networking site for physical scientists.
iResearch Icon
New application lets researchers download and store AIP journal articles to their iPhone

Journal articles on various topics, ranging from applied and chemical physics to renewable energy, are now available on Apple iPhone and Apple iPod touch devices.

Welcome to The Physics Teacher Online (TPTO). TPTO publishes papers on the teaching of physics, and on topics such as contemporary physics, applied physics, and the history of physics—all aimed at the introductory-level teacher.
TPTO is now on the newest release of Scitation® which introduces simplified navigation, workflow tools, and audio streaming. One of the key features useful to TPTO users is a cleaner and more intuitively designed abstract view, with key article components presented in plain sight. All tools, data, and full-text options are easily accessible. A comprehensive set of article tools is provided, including functions to download article data in a variety of citation styles and formats, to share the article with colleagues, to be alerted when an erratum is posted, to capture a preformatted, persistent link to embed in a scientific blog or personal web site, and an article view optimized for handheld devices.

Debunking the Case for National Standards
I keep thinking it can’t get much worse, and then it does. Throughout the 1990s, one state after another adopted prescriptive education standards enforced by frequent standardized testing, often of the high-stakes variety. A top-down, get-tough movement to impose “accountability”– driven more by political than educational considerations – began to squeeze the life out of classrooms, doing the most damage in the poorest areas.....

G.O. No. Date Description
G.O.Ms.No.21 18/05/2010 Education Department–Counting of service of Special Teachers, Special Language Pandits, Special P.E.Ts who were appointed from 1996 onwards and absorbed as SGTs rendered on consolidated pay for sanction of 8/16 years automatic Advancement scheme and for purpose of Pensionary benefits on notional basis
G.O.Ms.No.178 17/05/2010 PENSIONS–Training period of employees–Reckoning the period as qualifying service for the purpose of pension
G.O.Ms.No.18 06/05/2010 School Education Department–Payment of salaries to Non-Teaching Provincialised staff of Zilla Praja Parishad and Mandal Praja Parishads Schools through Treasuries under “010–Salaries” Head of Account of School Education Department – Guidelines for payment of salaries–Modified-Orders
G.O.Ms.No.154 04/05/2010 LEAVE RULES-Recommendations of PRC 2010-Encashment ofLeave on Half Pay at the time of retirement of Government Employees
G.O.Ms.No.153 04/05/2010 LEAVE RULES-Recommendations of PRC 2010-Relating to enhancement of sanction of Earned Leave at a time from 120 days to 180days in respect of Govt. Employee
G.O.Ms.No.152 04/05/2010 LEAVE RULES-Recommendations of PRC 2010-Maternity Leave to Married Women Government Servants-Enhancement from 120 days to 180days
G.O.Ms.No.151 04/05/2010 Allowances-A.P. Civil Services (Travelling Allowance Rules -Leave Travel Concession
G.O.Ms.No.15 20/04/2010 School Education Department – Payment of salaries to Non-Teaching Provincialised staff of Zilla Praja Parishad and Mandal Praja Parishads Schools through Treasuries under “010 – Salaries” Head of Account – Guidelines for payment of salaries
G.O.Ms.No.14 17/04/2010 Enhancement of rates of remuneration to the personal drafted for conduct spot valuation work of SSC public examinations March-2010
G.O.Ms.No.175 09/04/2010 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011-Imposing ban on transfer of Census Officers until the completion of House Listing Operations for Census of India 2011 in the Andhra Pradesh State
G.O.Rt.No.100 02/03/2010 APREI Society, Hyd–Conduct of Common Admission Test for the year 2010 for admission of students into Class V in all Residential Schools and Ashram Schools under the control of 3 Societies and Director of Tribal Welfare Department for the academic year 2010-2011
G.O.Rt.No.80 19/02/2010 School Education–Implementation of Centrally sponsored Scheme “Saakshar Bharat”–Committees at District Level/Mandal Level/Gram Panchayat Level–Constituted
G.O.Rt.No.844 19/02/2010 Services Welfare–Mass Casual Leave as per the call given by the J.A.C. of Employees, Teachers andWorkers, AP –Treating the Mass Casual Leave on 6-1-2010 as Special Casual Leave
G.O.Rt.No.6 15/02/2010 VOCATIONAL EDUCATION–Regularization of services of Part TimeVocational 1030 Part Time Vocational Instructors working in Municipalities, A.P. Tribal WelfareResidential Schools and un-aided schools under the control of School Education Department
G.O.Rt.No.38 28/01/2010 SSC Public Examination, March 2010–Constitution of New C-Category Centres–Permission
G.O.Ms.No.30 20/01/2010 English Medium Education in Success Schools in A.P.–for introduced from 2010-2011 academic year onwards replacing CBSE syllabus with state syllabus
G.O.Rt.No.68 19/01/2010 Municipal Administration Department – Procedure for
absorption by transfer of Teachers of Govt Schools/Z.P. Schools,
M.P.P. Schools to Nagar Panchayats/Municipalities/Municipal
Corporations and vice-versa–Comprehensive revised guidelines
G.O.Ms.No.3 05/01/2010 The A.P. Educational Institutions(Regulation of Admissions and Prohibition of Capitation Fee) Act, 1983-Recommendation of the Committee for regulation of Fee structure in Private unaided Schools–Notification-Amendment
G.O.Ms.No.2 05/01/2010 RVM (SSA) – Constitution of Urban Resource Groups at State Level, District Level and City Level
G.O.Ms.No.673 22/12/2009 PUBLIC SERVICES–Constitution of High Power Committee to look into the recommendations of 9th Pay Revision Commission
G.O.Ms.No.136 08/12/2009 Six Point formula–A.P.Public Employment (Organisation of LocalCadres and regulations Direct Recruitment) Order, 1975–Spouse cases covered by repatriation after review of direct recruitments made–Exemption for retention in local area where spouse is working
G.O.Ms.No.375 07/12/2009 Panchayat Raj&Rural Development Department–Payment of Salaries to Non-Teaching Provincialised staff of ZPP & MPP Schools through Treasuries under 010–salaries Head of Account
G.O.Ms.No.31 01/12/2009 Women Development, Child Welfare and Disabled Welfare Department-Persons with Disabilities-Guidelines for evaluation of various disabilities and procedure for certification–Comprehensive Orders
G.O.Ms.No.131 02/11/2009 1300 High Schools Computer Education Programme under Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Schools
G.O.Ms.No.266 27/10/2009 Dearness Relief–Dearness Allowance to the State Government Employees from 1st July, 2009–Sanctioned
GO RT 265 26/10/2009 Dearness Allowance–Dearness Allowance to the State Government Employees from 1st July, 2009–Sanctioned
GO RT 592 23/10/2009 Secondary Education-SSC Public Eaminations, March 2010–Introduction of Grading Systems in the SSC
G.O.Ms.No.252 14/10/2009 Contribution of One Day Basic Pay/Pension to CM Relief Fund from Oct-2009 Salary of all state Govt. Employees
G.O.No. 569 08/10/2009 National Awards to Teachers, 2009 Constitution of State Level Committee for the year 2009–Committee constituted
G.O. No.112 06/10/2009 DSC-2008-The A.P. Direct Recruitment of Teachers(Scheme of Selection)–Rules 2008–Permission to complete Recruitment process-Accorded
G.O.No. 113 06/10/2009 Scheme of Compassionate appointments to the deceased employees working in recognized aided institutions–Revival of the Scheme–Orders
G.O.Ms.No. 84 24/07/2009 VOCATIONAL EDUCATION–Regularization of services of 1030 Part Time Vocational Instructors working under the control of School Education Department–Revised orders
G.O.Ms.No.79 14/07/2009 School Education Department–Promotions and consequent Transfers to the categories of Teachers working in Govt./ZPP/MPP Schools for 2009-Amendment
G.O.Ms.No.78 14/07/2009 School Education Department–Promotions and consequent Transfers to the category of Headmasters Gr.II Gazetted, in Zilla Praja Parishad High Schools for 2009-Amendment
G.O.Ms.No.77 14/07/2009 School Education Department–Promotions and consequent Transfers to the category of Headmasters Gr.II Gazetted, in Government High Schools for 2009-Amendment
G.O.Ms.No.76 14/07/2009 The A.P. Teachers (General Promotions and Regulations of Transfers) Rules 2009–Amendment
G.O.Ms.No.70 06/07/2009 School Education Department–Repatriation of the teachers working on deputation to their parent department and return from leave–Posting Orders to the teachers on return from leave-Modified Orders
G.O.Ms.No.68 02/07/2009 Secondary Education Department–The A.P. Colleges of Education (Regulation of admissions into B.Ed course through Common Entrance Test) Rules, 2006–Change of percentage of seats in Category A & B modified to 75% & 25% from that of 80% & 20% respectively–Amendment
G.O.Ms.No.67 02/07/2009 School Education Department–Appointments to the S.G.Ts possessing M.A.(Education) qualification from Andhra University to the posts of School Assistants by promotion-A.P. Educational Subordinate Service Rules for the posts of Teachers in Z.P.P./M.P.P. Schools in A.P.–One time relaxation to Rules
G.O.Ms.No.66 02/07/2009 Appointments to the S.G.Ts possessing M.A.(Education) qualification from Andhra University to the posts of School Assistants by promotion- Andhra Pradesh Educational Subordinate Service Rules for the posts of Teachers in Government Schools in A.P.–One time relaxation to Rules
G.O.Ms No.405 23/06/2009 Payment of salaries and pension to the Municipal Employees /Teachers and Non-Teaching staff of schools working in Municipalities/Corporations through treasuries under 010 Salaries Head of Account-Operational guidelines issued
G.O.No.3009 20/06/2009 Education Department – Distribution of subjects between Secretary to Government (Secondary Education) and Secretary to Government (Primary Education) in School Education Department
G.O. No. 171 17/06/2009 CHIEF M1NISTERs RELIEF FUND—Joint Action Coimnittee of Employees, Teachers and Workers of A.P.—Contribution of One Day Basic Pay to Chief Minister’s Relief Fund—Deduction
G.O.Ms.No. 169 17/06/2009 Transfers and postings of employees–Lifting of ban on transfers-The relaxation of ban is valid only for the period from 17.06.2009 to 16.07.2009
G.O. No. 300 02/05/2009 MUNCIPAL ADMINISTRATION & UD Dept- Payment of salaries and pension to the Municipal Employees/Teachers and Non-Teaching staff of schools working in Municipalities/Corporations through treasures under 010 Salaries Head of Account-Operational guidelines
G.O.104 31/03/2009 Dearness Allowance for Govt. Employees w.e.f. 01/01/2009
G.O.108 31/03/2009 Dearness Relief to Pensioners w.e.f. 01/01/2009
G.O.No.101 31/03/2009 A.P. State Employees G.I.S. 1984 Revised Rates of Interest on Accumulated Savings Fund-PUBLIC SERVICES–Welfare–A.P.State Employees G.I.S. 1984–Communication of Tables of benefits for Savings Fund for the period from 01-04-2009 to 31-03-2010
G.O.Rt.No. 1400 23/03/2009 General Administration ( Elections ) TA/DA Orders
G.O. Ms.No. 43 20/03/2009 Enhancement Remuneration to Staff for conducting of SSC Public Examinations in March 2009
G.O. No. 169 12/03/2009 TA & DA Sanctioned Vide G.O. No. 169 , Dated: 12/03/2009 for Teachers (2nd spell) who Participated Training classes in Summer to teach English Medium Classes in 6500 Success High Schools
G.O.No.39 02/03/2009 Implementation of 3 LANGUAGE Formula released
GO NO.80 02/03/2009 School Education Dept.-Upgradation of 1500 Language PANDIT Posts to that School Assistant (Languages) and another 500 PET Posts as Physical Education in Success Schools in the State- RELEASED TODAY
G.O. No. 179 25/02/2009 Municipal Employees & Workers for payment of salaries and pension to the Municipal employees through treasures under 010 Salaries Head of Account
G.O.Ms.No. 31 13/02/2009 Regularization of 1030 Vocational Instructors working under School Education Department
No. 27 to G.O.No.23 29/01/2009 No. 27 to G.O.No.23 for Headmasters Gr-II in ZPP/MPP Schools
No. 26 to G.O.No.22 29/01/2009 No. 26 to G.O.No.22 for Headmasters Gr-II in Govt Schools
No.25 29/01/2009 No.25 for Teachers working in ZP Schools
No.24 29/01/2009 No.24 for Teachers working in Govt. Schools
No.23 29/01/2009 No.23 for Headmasters Gr-II Gazetted in ZP Schools
No.22 29/01/2009 No.22 for Headmasters Gr-II Gazetted in Govt. Schools
No.21 29/01/2009 No.21 for Teachers in Govt. Schools
No.20 29/01/2009 No.20 for Headmasters Gr-II Gazetted in ZPP/MPP Schools
No.19 29/01/2009 No.19 for Headmasters Gr-II Gazetted in Govt. Schools
G.O.Ms.No.18 26/01/2009 Promotions & consequent Transfers of the categories of Teachers working in Govt/ZPP/MPP Schools for 2009
G.O.Ms.No.17 26/01/2009 Promotions and consequent Transfers to the category of HMs Gr.II Gazetted in ZPP High Schools for 2009
G.O.Ms.No.16 26/01/2009 Promotions and consequent Transfers to the category of HMs Gr.II Gazetted in Govt High Schools for 2009
G.O.Ms.No.15 26/01/2009 General Rules Promotions & Transfers of HMs Gr-II Gaz., SAs, SGTs & Equ. Categories Govt/ZP/MPP Schools
G.O. No. --- 25/01/2009 Up-gradation of 3933 vacant S.G.T. posts to that of Head Masters Grade-II in upgraded schools
G.O. No. 12 23/01/2009 A.P. School Educational Subordinate Service Rules for the posts of
teachers in Mandal Prajaparishad and Zilla Prajaparishad Schools in A.P.-Adhoc Rules
G.O. No. 11 23/01/2009 A.P. School Educational Subordinate Service Rules for the posts of
teachers in Government Schools in A.P.-Adhoc Rules
G.O. No. 10 23/01/2009 A.P. School Educational Service Rules for the posts of Head Masters
Grade-II(Gazetted) in Zilla Praja Parishad Schools in A.P.–Adhoc
Rules–
G.O. No.09 23/01/2009 A.P. School Educational Service Rules for the posts of Head Masters
Grade-II Gazetted in Government Schools in A.P.–Adhoc Rules
G.O.Ms.No.2 05/01/2009 A.P. Government Sanctioned 2 Notional Increments for the purpose of Apprentice period of teachers. Payment of arrears as shown below...Sanction 2 Notional increments w.e.f. 01.04.2009, but credited to the G.P.F Accounts only after 01.04.2010 and then onwards they will be added to their salary released on
G.O.Ms.No. 183(Part–II) 30/12/2008 The A.P. School Educational Subordinate Service Rules Categorization of posts–Qualifications for recruitment/Promotions–Adhoc Rules
G.O.Ms.No. 182(Part–I) 30/12/2008 The A.P. School Educational Subordinate Service Rules Categorization of posts–Qualifications for recruitment/Promotions–Adhoc Rules
G.O.Ms.No.303 15/10/2008 Public Services–Revision of Pay Scales-Interim Relief Pending Revision of Scales of Pay-Sanctioned
G.O. 543 09/12/2005 Elections-Payment TA/DA remuneration to Polling Personal for Training Classess Polling/Counting Duty
G.O. No. 76 26/04/2005 SSC Examinations-Spot Remunerations-Enhancement Orders

G.O.Ms.No. 21, Dated: 18.05.2010 - Education Department – Counting of service of Special Teachers, Special Language Pandits, Special P.E.Ts who were appointed from 1996 onwards and absorbed as SGTs rendered on consolidated pay for sanction of 8/16 years automatic Advancement scheme and for purpose of Pensionary benefits on notional basis -

The perticulars of Marks & State Rank secured by you in LPCET 2010 for admissions into one year TPT/UPT/HPT training course during 2010-2011. LPCET 2010 Marks & State Rank See Here
Note:

*

*
* Appearance of the LPCET Entrance Test dosen't automatically entail a candidate for admission. Admission is subject to the fulfillment of the eligibility criteria
* Qualfying Marks for other than SC & ST candidates are 35 percent.
* No minimum qualifying marks for SCs & STs.
* No provision for re-totalling, re-verification or personal verification of Answer sheets.
*
* Admission Counselling notification will be issued in News papers and Internet also.

For the first time in A.P. history SSC-2010 results were declared with Grading System. SSC-2010 Results along with subject-wise marks and relative grades now available at AP Online and E-Seva centres on payment of Rs. 10 per student. The BSNL will also provide results and marks through the IVRS. Students have to dial 1255225 from any part of the State. To know the results through SMS they have to type SSC, give space and then type roll number and then send it to 55352. Similarly, they can type AP10, give space and then type roll number and then send it to 56505.
The results available on these sites also – www.examresults.net, www.andhraeducation.net, www.c2clive.com, www.engstudent.com, www.indiaresults.com, www.cetpractice.com, www.apschools4u.com, www.getyourresults.com, www.aarvy.com, www.nettlinxresults.net, www.manabadi.com, www.schools9.com, www.manafuture.com, www.results-ap.com, www.billpayworld.com, www.results.webdunia.com, www.ekalasala.com, www.bharatstudent.com, www.indg.in, www.saagam.com, www.myexammarks.com, www.paatam.com, www.results7.com, www.btechs.com, www.ezucate.com, www.indiaeservices.in, www.ankusam.com, www.srigayatri.com, www.searchandhra.com, www.sakshitv.com, www.everonn.com, www.go4download.com.
Students can also obtain results on IVRS by contacting on 040-499949999. They can get results through SMS by sending to Airtel on 52222, Diyadata on 5626363 and Manabadi to 54999


Grades As per SSC-2010 Results
A1 ( 509 - 600 ) Top 12.5% of the passed candidates
A2 ( 470 - 508 ) Less than top 12.5% but above 25%
B1 ( 435 - 469 ) Less than top 25% but above 37.5%
B2 ( 404 - 434 ) Less than 37.5% but above 50%
C1 ( 374 - 403 ) Less than 50% but above 62.5%
C2 ( 343 - 373 ) Less than 62.5% but above 75%
D1 ( 308 - 342 ) Less than 75% but above 87.5%
D2 ( 204 - 307 ) Bottom 12.5% of the passed candidates i.e., between 87.5% and 100% of the passed candidates
E Candidates who secure less than 35% marks in any subject will be treated as failed and awarded E-grade for that subject. They will also be awarded E-grade for final result.

SSC-2010 Results Analysis:
The pass percentage of the regular and private candidates of March-2010 is 81.63% and whereas the percentage of passes in March 2009 is 78.83. There is a increase of 1.80% this year.
Nizamabad District secured highest percentage of passes that is 92.65% in the state and Hyderabad district secured lowest percentage that is 71.79%.
Supplementary Exams From June 26th:
SSC students who got fail or Grade "E" they have to attend the supplementary exams, the exams starts from 26th June and ends on 7th July”. The timings of the supplementary exams were morning 9.30 am to 12.00 noon.
Since the time available for conduct of supplementary Examinations is short, without waiting for results of recounting, the failed candidates of SSC March 2010 who want to appear for SSC Supplementary exams, June 2010 may remit examinations Fee as per the following due dates.
The last date for remittance of examination fee by candidates to the Heads of schools is 16th June 2010.
The last date of submission of Computer extracts by the DEO's to the Office of the Director of Government Examinations is 21st June 2010.
Re-Counting Fees:
The candidates who desire to get their marks recounted should remit Rs.250 per paper with in 30 days and Rs. 500 per paper from 31 days to 60 days from the date of publication of results. The candidates can apply for recounting of marks directly to office of the Director of Govt Exams, AP, Hyderabad through Govt. Treasury Chelan.
The candidates can remit into SBI / SBH only under following Head of Account.
0202 Education, Sports, Arts and Culture, 01 General Education, 102 Secondary Education, 06 Director Govt. Exams, 800 User charges or Through Demand Draft (DD) obtained from SBI / SBH in favor of Secretary to the commissioner for Government Examinations A.P, Hyderabad.
How to get Photocopies of Answer Sheets for Re-verification:
In a significant move, the Board, this year, has introduced a system of re-verification cum supply of photocopy of the valued answer scripts for the first and second languages only.
Fee for issue of photocopies of each subject paper is Rs.500 (within one month) and Rs.1, 000 (31 to 60 days) from the date of publication of results.

Main article: Spiritual teacher

In Hinduism the spiritual teacher is known as a guru. In the Latter Day Saint movement the teacher is an office in the Aaronic priesthood, while in Tibetan Buddhism the teachers of Dharma in Tibet are most commonly called a Lama. A Lama who has through phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn, often many times, in order to continue their Bodhisattva vow is called a Tulku.

There are many concepts of teachers in Islam, ranging from mullahs (the teachers at madrassas) to ulemas.

A Rabbi is generally regarded as the Jewish spiritual teacher

In education, teachers facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors. A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as a tutor.The objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/or thinking skills. Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy. When deciding what teaching method to use teachers consider students' background knowledge, environment, and their learning goals as well as standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. Many times, teachers assist in learning outside of the classroom by accompanying students on field trips. The increasing use of technology, specifically the rise of the internet over the past decade, has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom.

The objective is typically a course of study, lesson plan, or a practical skill. A teacher may follow standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults, students with different abilities and students with learning disabilities.

Teaching using pedagogy also involve assessing the educational levels of the students on particular skills. Understanding the pedagogy of the students in a classroom involves using differentiated instruction as well as supervision to meet the needs of all students in the classroom. Pedagogy can be thought of in two manners. First, teaching itself can be taught in many different ways, hence, using a pedagogy of teaching styles. Second, the pedagogy of the learners comes into play when a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of his/her students and differentiates for the individual students accordingly.

Perhaps the most significant difference between primary school and secondary school teaching is the relationship between teachers and children. In primary schools each class has a teacher who stays with them for most of the week and will teach them the whole curriculum. In secondary schools they will be taught by different subject specialists each session during the week and may have 10 or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form tutor, specialist teacher and surrogate parent during the course of the day.

This is true throughout most of the United States as well. However, alternative approaches for primary education do exist. One of these, sometimes referred to as a "platoon" system, involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject. The advantage here is that students learn from teachers who specialize in one subject and who tend to be more knowledgeable in that one area than a teacher who teaches many subjects. Students still derive a strong sense of security by staying with the same group of peers for all classes.

Co-teaching has also become a new trend amongst educational institutions. Co-teaching is defined as two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom. Co-teaching focuses the student on learning by providing a social networking support that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential. Co-teachers work in sync with one another to create a climate of learning.

Teaching may be carried out informally, within the family which is called home schooling (see Homeschooling) or the wider community. Formal teaching may be carried out by paid professionals. Such professionals enjoy a status in some societies on a par with physicians, lawyers, engineers, and accountants (Chartered or CPA).

A teacher's professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching. Outside of the classroom teachers may accompany students on field trips, supervise study halls, help with the organization of school functions, and serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities. In some education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline.

Around the world teachers are often required to obtain specialized education, knowledge, codes of ethics and internal monitoring.

There are a variety of bodies designed to instill, preserve and update the knowledge and professional standing of teachers. Around the world many governments operate teacher's colleges, which are generally established to serve and protect the public interest through certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession.

The functions of the teacher's colleges may include setting out clear standards of practice, providing for the ongoing education of teachers, investigating complaints involving members, conducting hearings into allegations of professional misconduct and taking appropriate disciplinary action and accrediting teacher education programs. In many situations teachers in publicly funded schools must be members in good standing with the college, and private schools may also require their teachers to be college peoples. In other areas these roles may belong to the State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the State Education Agency or other governmental bodies. In still other areas Teaching Unions may be responsible for some or all of these duties.

eachers" redirects here. For other uses, see Teachers (disambiguation).
For university teachers, see professor. For 'extra-help teachers', see tutor. For Parapros, see Paraprofessional educator.
In education, a teacher is a person who provides schooling for others. A teacher who facilitates education for an individual student may also be described as a personal tutor. The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out by way of occupation or profession at a school or other place of formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher at state-funded schools must first obtain professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college. These professional qualifications may include the study of pedagogy, the science of teaching. Teachers will have to continue their education after they receive their degree from a college or university. Teachers may use a lesson plan to facilitate student learning, providing a course of study which covers a standardized curriculum. A teacher's role may vary between cultures. Teachers teach literacy and numeracy, or some of the other school subjects. Other teachers may provide instruction in craftsmanship or vocational training, the Arts, religion or spirituality, civics, community roles, or life skills. In some countries, formal education can take place through home schooling.

Informal learning may be assisted by a teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role, such as a parent or sibling or within a family, or by anyone with knowledge or skills in the wider community setting.

Religious and spiritual teachers, such as gurus, mullahs, rabbis pastors/youth pastors and lamas may teach religious texts such as the Quran, Torah or Bible.

Pupils in Japan have been given lessons by the world’s first robot teacher. The humanoid named Saya is multilingual, can do roll calls and set tasks from text books, according to The Sun. ‘She’ has a latex face, modelled on a university student, controlled by 18 motors to create expressions including happiness, surprise, fear, disgust, sadness and even anger. Saya will start teaching full-time after passing a trial term at a Tokyo primary. Her creator, science professor Hiroshi Kobayashi, had been working on the robot for 15 years. The original, named Pikarin, had a metal head with exposed wires and levers. ananova

Anwar Masood
I will share with you some reflections, some memories from my days as a student
and my experiences as a teacher. Beneath these brief anecdotes are layers of meaning that
I leave you to unravel.
Syed Wazir-ul-Hassan Abidi was my teacher at the Punjab University when I was
doing my Masters in Persian. He would not allow any student to enter the class unless the
student had a question, because, he would say, knowledge starts with a question. If you
collect the answers to your questions about a plant, for example, you get the science of
Botany.
Chaudhry Fazal Hussain was my teacher at Gujrat Zamindar College. This was
how he described a good teacher: A good teacher is one whose new batch of students is
the new edition of his book of research, meaning thereby that a teacher is constantly
renewing his/her knowledge. It was Chaudhry Fazal Hussain who encouraged me to ‘step
out of the quagmire of science’ and to take up humanities, as I was then enrolled in the
FSc. Pre-Medical programme. I had written a couple of poems then. One was on
childhood as I used to moan the loss of my childhood, standing on the threshold of
adolescence.
Conciseness is also an important quality for a teacher to have. I went to
Iran with a group of 40 other teachers. There I met a teacher who, when he spoke, seemed
to enfold 5 or 6 books within the capsule of one sentence. For example about Allama
Iqbal he said, ‘He came too early.’ What he meant to say was that the entire future will be
his.
I have felt the greatest joy when I was a teacher in a classroom. A teacher, as I see
it, should give his students the permission to question and secondly he should have a
strong command over his subject. In class 8th as I was teaching the three states of matter,
a student said, “Give us an example of all three states co-existing.” I gave him the
example of a hukkah. It is made of solid wood, it emits smoke and it contains water!
That’s all your three states, solid, liquid and gas.
I was once a teacher at a school in Kunjah, near Gujrat. My poem ‘Ambri’ is
based on an experience I had while teaching there. It is about a student Bashir who comes
late to class because he was stalled by his class-fellow Akram’s mother. She made a
special lunch for Akram and sent it with Bashir. And why did Akram not take his lunch
with him? Why did he leave home in a rush without eating anything? Akram quarreled
with his mother and left home angry that morning; he struck her, his own mother, with a
rolling-pin that broke from the force of the violent blow. Still the mother, bruised and
hurt by her own son, is anxious to send the choicest of food for her errant son.
It took me 10 years to write this poem. Such is the rich nature of human
experience and the imperfection of the eye that sees it, that you can never quite
encompass the true essence of an event through words. A teacher’s experience in the
classroom is no less complex than any other, as each child brings his own universe to
class; it is then up to the teacher to make sense out of it, to respond to it and to some
extent, reshape it.
The author is a celebrated intellectual and a popular poet. His poems in Urdu
and Punjabi are widely read.

"Teacher" is the core to achieve quality education Pakistan pursues. The teaching force in Pakistan is estimated to be 1.35m working in government schools from primary to higher education.

There are 275 teacher training institutions providing pre-service training (certificates, diplomas and degrees). In addition, there are 300 teacher training resource centres in the districts.

The teacher training institutions are managed by the Bureau of Curriculum and Extension for pre-service programmes while the Provincial Institutes of Teacher Education (PITEs) are responsible for in-service training programmes.

In last decades, there have been a number of initiatives and projects to improve teacher and teacher education in Pakistan. Most of those were financially supported by the government, donors and NGOs and carried out in isolation.

So you've decided to pursue a career in teaching. The next step is to plan for the best way to achieve your qualified teacher status (QTS), enabling you to teach across state-maintained schools across England and Wales. This almost always means completing a programme of initial teacher training (ITT).

Initial teacher training helps you develop the skills you need to become an effective teacher.

Teaching is an important and increasingly popular choice of career for all kinds of people.

Whatever your circumstances – if you're still at school, about to graduate, or looking for a change of direction – there are more ways to enter the profession than ever before.

Teachers:

* use props or manipulatives to help children understand abstract concepts, solve problems, and develop critical thought processes;
* introduce children to mathematics, language, science, and social studies;
* encourage collaboration in solving problems by having students work in groups to discuss and solve problems together;

Elementary School Teachers:

* instruct one class of children in several subjects or work as a team with another teacher;
* sometimes teach one special subject, such as music or art;

Middle school teachers and secondary school teachers

* help students delve more deeply into subjects introduced in elementary school and expose them to more information about the world;
* specialize in a specific subject;
* may teach subjects that are career oriented;

Median annual earnings of kindergarten, elementary, middle, and secondary school teachers ranged from $47,100 to $51,180 in 2008. Most teachers belong to unions that negotiate contracts on their behalf.

Use the Salary Wizard at Salary.com to find out how much teachers currently earn in your city.

Teachers, other than special education teachers, held about 3.5 million jobs in 2008. Most worked in public schools.
Educational Requirements for Teachers:
Public school teachers in every state are required to have bachelor's degrees. One must also have completed an approved teacher training program that includes earning a specified number of subject and education credits, in addition to practical training, i.e. student teaching. Some states also require teachers to earn a master's degree within a certain amount of time. Requirements for preschool teachers vary by state. Some require a bachelor's degree in early childhood education while others require an associate's degree.
Other Requirements for Teachers:
All states and the District of Columbia require public school teachers to be licensed. State boards or departments of education generally issue these licenses. In order to become licensed, one must generally pass an exam that demonstrates competency in basic skills and proficiency in his or her subject area.
Career Advancement Opportunities for Teachers:
With experience, some teachers become school administrators. Others get additional training and become guidance counselors, school librarians and reading specialists.
Job Outlook for Teachers:
Employment of kindergarten through secondary school teachers will grow as fast as the average for all occupations through 2018. Job opportunities will vary from good to excellent. This will depend on location, grade level and subject specialty. For example, there will be a greater demand for mathematics, science and bi-lingual education teachers and for those who want to teach in less desirable school districts.

Job opportunities for teachers over the next 10 years will vary from good to excellent, depending on the place where they live and the subject they teach. Some schools are having trouble finding enough teachers, especially in cities. Today, many schools are looking for math and science teachers as well as teachers who speak a foreign language and who can teach English as a second language.

The number of jobs for teachers is expected to increase faster than the average for all occupations through 2018. Many teachers will retire, creating more job openings.

In May 2008, elementary school teachers had average yearly wages of $52,240. Middle school teachers made an average of $52,570 each year, while high school teachers made $54,390 each year. Special education teachers made slightly more than regular teachers.

Some teachers earn extra money during the summer by doing other jobs.

All teachers in public schools must have a teaching certificate and a license to teach. Some are licensed to teach preschool through grade 3. Others are licensed to teach grades 1 through 6 or 8. Some are licensed to teach middle school or high school. Some have a license to teach a special subject.

You must have a college degree to be a teacher, unless you are teaching a job skill like how to fix cars. You must take classes in education and practice teaching with the help of an experienced teacher.

To be a teacher, you must pass tests in reading, writing, and other subjects. And you have to keep learning. In some States, you have to get a master's degree. You also need computer training in some States.

Teachers must be able to talk to children and be good leaders. The students must trust them. Teachers must be able to make students want to learn. They also should be organized, dependable, patient, and creative.

Teachers teach children to read, write, do math, and much more. They use games, videos, computers, and other tools to teach children different subjects.

Teachers show students skills. They also explain information. Teachers plan their lessons before they teach, which can take a lot of time.

Teachers try to make their lessons easy to understand. They teach things in different ways so that different students can learn in the way that is easiest for them. Teachers might use a chalkboard, a projector, or a computer. They make posters or worksheets before class starts. Teachers plan the schedule for the day. Most teachers have to teach what the principal tells them.

Teachers also assign homework and class projects. They often have students work together to do projects. When students are not doing as well as they should, teachers help them.

After class, teachers grade papers and projects. They also create tests. They write students' report cards. And they meet with parents to try to help their children do better in school. Teachers sometimes go to workshops to learn how to teach better. Some teachers also help with sports or other after-school activities.

Most kindergarten and elementary school teachers teach several subjects to one class. In some schools, two or more teachers work as a team. Other teachers teach one special subject, such as art, music, reading, or gym.

Most middle school and high school teachers focus on one subject. They might teach English, science, or history, for example. Some teach students how to do a job. High school teachers spend more time explaining a subject and less time with activities like games.

Teachers work with students of many different cultures. Some students were born in the United States, and some were not. Teachers learn about different cultures so that they can be more helpful to students.

Teachers like to see children learn. But sometimes teaching lots of students can be stressful. Teachers also have to deal with children who misbehave.

Many teachers work more than 40 hours a week. While most go on vacation during the summer, some choose to teach in summer school. Some take another job. Some go to college to learn more about teaching.